FEATURE - Whale burgers may be hazardous to your health
Date: 10-May-02
Country: JAPAN
Author: Elaine Lies
That message to Japan's finicky consumers could end up being more damaging to Tokyo's hopes of resuming commercial whaling than years of campaigning by environmentalists focused on endangered species and the slaughter of the intelligent mammals.
"If it became more widely known that this meat was contaminated, people who want to eat whale would probably stop," said Koichi Haraguchi, a researcher at Dai-Ichi College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in western Japan.
"And people who think about trying it, wouldn't."
So far, though, most Japanese consumers seem blithely unaware that the whale meat they see as a gourmet delight may be tainted with dangerous mercury and toxic chemicals.
"The issue is largely unknown, that is the worst thing," said Nanami Kurasawa, secretary-general of the Dolphin and Whale Action Network, an environmental group.
"If people eat this contaminated meat unaware, especially young women and pregnant women, it could damage their health, or the health of their unborn children."
The health warnings could also be damaging to Japan's push to resume commercial whaling, a campaign it is mounting yet again at at the annual meeting of the International Whaling Commission (IWC), which began in Japan on April 25 and ends on May 24.
Japan abandoned commercial whaling in 1986 in line with an IWC moratorium, but began what it calls scientific research whaling the next year.
Activists charge that much of this meat ends up on restaurant tables and store shelves, although whale now is an expensive, gourmet food that is only rarely eaten.
Just as well, experts say, since some of it may be be tainted with mercury, cancer-causing dioxin, or polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), industrial chemicals linked to developmental delays and other health problems in humans and accumulate in fats.
TRUTH IN LABELLING
Creamy whale blubber, which may sometimes be dangerously high in PCBs, is considered a delicacy among delicacies, while other fatty products, such as whale bacon, are also widely available.
Researchers say there are few big problems with minke meat, which comprises the bulk of the whale caught in Japan's hunts.
Red minke whale meat is lean, lacking much of the fat that could contain PCBs, and the whales roam the wider oceans rather than more polluted coastal areas.
But even the red meat may not be totally safe if marbled with fat that makes it look tender and juicy, said Motoji Nagasawa, whale campaigner at Greenpeace Japan.
Potentially more worrisome, false labelling means not all the products for sale are guaranteed to be minke, or even whale.
"If you really look, there's a lot of meat out there on the shelves that isn't minke," said researcher Haraguchi.
Smaller species such as pilot whales, Baird's beaked whales and dolphins, are not subject to IWC restrictions.
As a result, stores unable to get their hands on genuine - and expensive - minke sometimes settle for something else.
"If it's actually labelled minke it probably is," Haraguchi said. "But if it's only labelled 'whale' it might be pilot whale or even dolphin. And this could be quite contaminated."
A random survey of 130 samples of whale products from shops around Japan, conducted in 1999 by international researchers, found serious contamination, according to Japanese consumer group Safety First.
Levels for PCBs ranged from 0.8 parts per million (ppm) for pilot whale blubber up to 8.9 ppm for dolphin meat and blubber, compared with the 0.5 ppm maximum permitted.
High concentrations of mercury and cancer-causing dioxin were also found.
"The average person doesn't eat whale that often, so if it's labelled 'minke' they can't distinguish the real thing, as they might with other meats they eat more often," said Kurasawa.
"If people know, and still choose to eat it, that is their choice," said Kurasawa. "But if people don't know and eat this unwittingly, it is not a good thing."
FOOD SAFETY
So far, ig
